Generates a grayscale shaded relief representation of terrain, based on elevation values.
典型用途
- 地形可视化
- 生成山体阴影的使用纹理作为其他地图数据的背景
How does it work?
所述RasterHillshader接收高程栅格特征，并创建一个阴影浮雕表示，从斜率和方面对输入高程值计算而得。
The input raster’s horizontal and vertical units are expected to be the same.
输入band(s) are converted to GRAY8, with hillshade values between 0 and 255. The position of the light source may be adjusted, and a choice of algorithms is available.
If the input band has a nodata value set, or if插补无数据设定为没有，还生成一个ALPHA8带，以0（完全透明）的细胞值，其中所述输入是无数据和255（完全不透明）的值，其中输入是数据。
插补无数据means that nodata values will be replaced with actual values, calculated from the neighboring cells. When插补无数据设定为Yes时，不存在无数据单元，并且因此不需要α带。
This transformer supports raster band selection. TheRasterSelectorcan be used to modify this selection.
z-因子，缩放和单位
输入rasters’ horizontal (x and y) units are expected to be the same as vertical (z) units.
如果不是这种情况——例如,如果horizontal units are in meters with elevation (z) in feet (or any other similar unit type mismatch), you may apply a scale factor (also known as Z Factor) with the定标器之前，使用一个RasterHillshader变压器。
In that example (ground units are meters, elevations are feet), the scale factor to use is 0.3048 - the number of meters in one foot.
If the ground units are decimal degrees (lat/long), the appropriate scale factor will vary greatly between the equator and the poles. In this case, consider reprojecting the input raster with aReprojector到适当的坐标系相匹配的垂直（Z）单元接地单元。
If units are mismatched, the transformer may complete processing, but will produce incorrect or unexpected results.
Example:Creating a hillshade from elevation data
在这个例子中，我们将产生一个数字高程模型（DEM）的山体阴影表示。在从海平面（0）至约1500米高程源数据范围，在山区。
需要注意的是高程被存储在频带0，作为32位的整数，并且，它并有一个没有data Value组。
注意：这种格式，CDED，是LL83秒坐标系中 - 所以纬度/长水平（地）单位不匹配米的垂直（高度）为单位。
所述DEM首先路由到一个Reprojector, where it is converted toUTM83-10, an appropriate local coordinate system with ground units in meters, matching the elevation value units. Then it is routed into a RasterHillshader.
在参数对话框，我们将保留默认设置。它们包括光源的方位的315degrees and高度的45度，这是常用的值。插补无数据设定为Yes, and the算法isHorn。
输出栅格有两个波段。山体阴影值（0到255）是在GRAY8频带。该ALPHA8带代表原高程栅格的无数据值。
注意相对于原始数据的DEM输出栅格的形状 - 重投影的结果。
选择一个光栅变压器
FME has an extensive selection of transformers for working with raster data. They can be generally categorized as working with whole rasters, bands, cells or palettes, and those designed for workflow control or combining raster with vector data.
有关光栅几何形状和属性的信息，请参阅栅格(IFMERaster)。
光栅变形金刚
Working with Rasters
这些变压器一般适用于整个栅格。
| RasterCellOriginSetter | 设置在光栅单元格内的细胞起源点。 |
| 对栅格 | Applies a convolution filter (sometimes called a核心要么lens）至光栅特征并输出结果。 |
| RasterExpressionEvaluator | 评估上以光栅或对栅格，包括代数运算和条件语句的每个小区表达式。 |
| RasterExtentsCoercer | Replaces the geometry of input raster features with a polygon covering either the extents of a raster or the extent of data within a raster. |
| RasterGCPExtractor | 提取物地面控制点(GCP) coordinate system and point values from a raster feature and exposes them as attributes. |
| RasterGCPSetter | 集地面控制点s(GCPs) on a raster, pairing cell positions with known coordinates. |
| RasterGeoreferencer | Georeferences通过或是已知的角坐标或起源，细胞大小和旋转光栅。 |
| RasterHillshader | Generates a grayscale shaded relief representation of terrain, based on elevation values. |
| RasterInterpretationCoercer | Alters the interpretation type of rasters, including all bands, and converts cell values if necessary. |
| RasterMosaicker | 合并多个栅格功能到一个单一的栅格要素。 |
| RasterPropertyExtractor | 提取物the geometry properties of a raster feature and exposes them as attributes. |
| RasterPyramider | 重新采样栅格以多种分辨率的基础上，无论是数水平或最小输出栅格的尺寸。 |
| RasterRegisterer | 转换的图像，以尽量减少其与另一个区别。 |
| RasterResampler | Resamples rasters, based on specified output dimensions, cell size in ground units, or percentage of original, and interpolates new cell values. |
| RasterRotationApplier | 旋转的栅格要素根据其旋转角特性，内插新的小区的值，更新所有其他受影响光栅的特性，并产生具有零的旋转角的输出光栅的功能。 |
| RasterSharpener | Enhances the features of a raster image. The RasterSharpener enhances the borders, lines, and curves while reducing noise in the flat areas of the raster image. |
| RasterSubsetter | Clips raster features using pixel bounds instead of ground coordinates, and optionally adds cells around the perimeter. |
| RasterTiler | Splits each input raster into a series of tiles by specifying either a tile size in cells/pixels or the number of tiles. |
| RasterToPolygonCoercer | Creates polygons from input raster features. One polygon is output for each contiguous area of pixels with the same value in the input raster. |
| WebMapTiler | Creates a series of image tiles that can be utilized by web mapping applications such as Bing™ Maps, Google Maps™, or Web Map Tile Service. This is done by resampling rasters to various different resolutions and then splitting them into tiles. |
Working with Bands
These transformers generally apply to bands.
| RasterBandAdder | 添加一个新的乐队为栅格功能。 |
| RasterBandCombiner | 合并巧合光栅功能到一个单一的输出栅格功能，维护和附加所有波段。 |
| RasterBandInterpretationCoercer | Alters the interpretation type of individual raster bands, converting cell values if necessary. |
| RasterBandKeeper | Removes all unselected bands from a raster feature. |
| RasterBandMinMaxExtractor | 提取物the minimum and maximum band values, palette keys, and palette values from a raster feature, and adds them to a list attribute. |
| RasterBandNameSetter | 设置在光栅选择波段乐队的名字，使光栅内容简单相比，带数字来理解。 |
| RasterBandNodataRemover | Removes the existing nodata identifier from selected bands of a raster feature. Any values previously equal to the nodata value are considered valid data. |
| RasterBandNodataSetter | 集a new nodata value on selected bands of a raster feature. |
| RasterBandOrderer | 指定一个栅格波段的要求的顺序。频带根据输入频带索引重新排序。 |
| RasterBandPropertyExtractor | 提取物the band and palette properties of a raster feature and exposes them as attributes. |
| RasterBandRemover | Removes any selected bands from a raster feature. |
| RasterBandSeparator | Separates bands or unique band and palette combinations, and outputs either individual raster features or a single new raster feature containing all combinations. |
| RasterStatisticsCalculator | 计算栅格波段的统计数据，并增加了结果的属性。 |
与细胞工作
这些变压器一般适用于单个细胞。
| RasterAspectCalculator | Calculates the aspect (direction of slope) for each cell of a raster. Aspect is measured in degrees from 0 to 360, clockwise from north. |
| RasterCellCoercer | 创建单独的点或面用于在光栅的每个小区，任选提取频带值作为Z坐标或属性。 |
| RasterCellValueCalculator | 评估在一对光栅的单元值基本算术运算，最小，最大或平均的操作。 |
| RasterCellValueReplacer | Replaces a range of band values in a raster with a new single value. |
| RasterCellValueRounder | 四舍五入栅格像元值。 |
| RasterSegmenter | Partitions a raster image into arbitrarily sized groups of cells from the input image based on intensity differences in the input raster image cells. |
| RasterSingularCellValueCalculator | Performs basic arithmetic operations on the cell values of a raster against a numeric value. |
| RasterSlopeCalculator | 计算栅格的每个小区的斜率（沿z最大变化率）。 |
Working with Palettes
These transformers generally apply to palettes.
| RasterPaletteAdder | Creates a palette from an attribute, and adds this palette to all selected bands on a raster. |
| RasterPaletteExtractor | 上创建一个光栅的现有的调色板的字符串表示，并将其保存到一个属性。 |
| RasterPaletteGenerator | Generates a palette out of the selected band(s) of a raster. The output raster will have the selected band(s) replaced by a new band with a palette. |
| RasterPaletteInterpretationCoercer | 改变了解释型光栅调色板。 |
| RasterPaletteNodataSetter | 标识相匹配的栅格波段的无数据值，并将它的值调色板关键。 |
| RasterPaletteRemover | 去除光栅特征选择调色板（一个或多个）。 |
| RasterPaletteResolver | Resolves the palette(s) on a raster by replacing cell values with their corresponding palette values. Palette values with multiple components, such as RGB, are broken down and the individual values assigned to multiple, newly-added bands. |
Workflow Control
These transformers generally control the flow of features in a workspace.
| RasterCheckpointer | Forces accumulated raster operations to be processed, saving the state to disk and releasing resources to tune performance or assist with memory limitations. |
| RasterConsumer | Reads raster features for testing purposes, including any accumulated raster operations. No additional operations are performed, and nothing is done with the features. |
| RasterExtractor | 串行化一个光栅特征的几何形状成斑点的属性，按照共同二进制光栅格式可供选择编码的内容。 |
| RasterNumericCreator | Creates a numeric raster of specified size and resolution, with default cell values. |
| RasterReplacer | Decodes a binary attribute containing encoded rasters stored as Blobs, replacing the feature’s geometry with the decoded raster. |
| RasterRGBCreator | Creates a color raster feature of specified size, resolution, and interpretation type, with default cell values. |
| RasterSelector | Selects specific bands and palettes of a raster for subsequent transformer operations. |
Vectors and Rasters
这些变压器通常涉及使用栅格和矢量数据一起。
| ImageRasterizer | 创建的矢量或点云输入特征的光栅表示，使用fme_color属性在固体背景填充为矢量要素。点云可使用它们的颜色或强度分量被呈现。 |
| NumericRasterizer | 创建的矢量或点云输入功能，其中，单元格值从输入要素的Z坐标取出并覆盖在均匀背景数字光栅表示。 |
| MapnikRasterizer | Generates a raster from input vector and raster features, with fine control over symbolization and labeling, using the Mapnik toolkit. |
| PointOnRasterValueExtractor | 在从一个或多个输入点并将它们设置为所述特征的属性的位置的光栅提取频带和调色板值。 |
| RasterDEMGenerator | 产生通过均匀采样从输入点和断裂线产生的Delaunay三角光栅数字高程模型（DEM）。 |
| VectorOnRasterOverlayer | 光栅化矢量或点云特征到现有栅格。对于矢量要素的fme_color属性集的像素颜色，并且点云可使用它们的颜色或强度分量被呈现。 |
组态
输入端口
输入
Raster features with elevation values. For best results the horizontal (x and y) units should be the same as the vertical (z) units.
产量Ports
产量
Raster features with hillshade values in GRAY8 bands. ALPHA8 bands will also be present if input raster features have a nodata value, or if Interpolate Nodata is set to No.
非光栅的特征将被路由到<拒绝>端口，以及无效栅格。
被拒绝的功能将有以下值之一的fme_rejection_code属性：
INVALID_GEOMETRY_TYPE
INVALID_RASTER_CANNOT_HILLSHADE
Rejected Feature Handling:can be set to either terminate the translation or continue running when it encounters a rejected feature. This setting is available both as a defaultFME选项and as aworkspace parameter。
参数
参数
| 方位 | 光源的方位角，在正度从0到360，从北顺时针测量表达。 The default value, 315 (northwest), is commonly used to generate shaded maps. |
| 高度 | 光源的地平线以上的高度角，在正度表达，在地平线0度和90度直接开销。 默认值为45，通常用来生成阴影贴图。 |
| 插补无数据 | 在光栅边缘和近NoData值计算值。 没有：当在用来计算山体阴影值的3×3窗口中的任何像素等于无数据时，输出像素也将被设置为无数据。如果输入带不具有无数据值时，输出带无数据值将被设置为-1。周围会有栅格设置为无数据值的边缘的一个像素的边框。 是：周围的边缘，靠近无数据值的值将通过插入缺失值进行估计。请注意，孔不会被填补 - 这是输入栅格无数据细胞将保持无数据输出。 |
| 算法 | 该算法用于计算斜率和方面。有分析人士建议，霍恩的公式更适合于粗糙的地形，而文伯根与索恩的公式是更好地为地势平坦。 |
编辑变压器参数
使用一组菜单选项，变压器参数可以通过引用在工作区中的其它元件来分配。更先进的功能，如高级编辑，算术编辑，也是一些变压器可用。要访问这些选项的菜单，点击
适用的参数旁边。欲了解更多信息，请参阅Transformer Parameter Menu Options。
定义值
有几种方法来定义一个值供我使用n a Transformer. The simplest is to simply type in a value or string, which can include functions of various types such as attribute references, math and string functions, and workspace parameters. There are a number of tools and shortcuts that can assist in constructing values, generally available from the drop-down context menu adjacent to the value field.
How to Set Parameter Values
Using the Text Editor
文本编辑器提供了一个方便的方法来构造从各种数据源，如属性，参数和常量，其中该结果被直接使用的参数中的文本字符串（包括正则表达式）。
使用算术编辑器
The Arithmetic Editor provides a convenient way to construct math expressions from various data sources, such as attributes, parameters, and feature functions, where the result is used directly inside a parameter.
条件值
根据一个或多个测试条件，要么通过或失败的设定值。
Parameter Condition Definition Dialog
内容
Expressions and strings can include a number of functions, characters, parameters, and more.
When setting values - whether entered directly in a parameter or constructed using one of the editors - strings and expressions containing String, Math, Date/Time or FME Feature Functions will have those functions evaluated. Therefore, the names of these functions (in the form @<function_name>）不应该被用作文字字符串值。
内容Types
| 这些功能操作和格式字符串。 | |
特殊的角色 |
A set of control characters is available in the Text Editor. |
| 数学函数在两种编辑器中可用。 | |
| 时间/日期函数 | Date and time functions are available in the Text Editor. |
| These operators are available in the Arithmetic Editor. | |
| 这些收益主要功能特定的值。 | |
| FME and workspace-specific parameters may be used. | |
| 创建和修改用户参数 | 创建您自己的可编辑参数。 |
Reference
Processing Behavior |
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特点控股 |
没有 |
| 依赖 | 没有ne |
| FME许可级别 | FME专业版及以上 |
| 别名 | |
| 历史 | |
| 分类 |
FME Community
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