使用AR和虚拟世界保留AMACH的历史

The丹佛Amache项目大学致力于研究、解释和前serving the site of Amache, a WWII internment camp for Japanese-American citizens. Jim Casey, a GIS Specialist from the University of Denver, had been working on this project for a few years when he approached Safe Software with a question: can he render the data he collected in augmented reality?

当然，我们的答案是肯定的。当我们谈论如何FME AR.app could be used for the project, I suggested trying a couple of additional visualization options –cesiumjs.在网络上共享3D场景，以及虚幻引擎用于制作沉浸式游戏的环境。

The source data included almost everything a typical GIS specialist works with: CAD and GIS layers, ortho imagery, 3D models, historic map scans, photos and videos. The output was the most interesting part: three very technologically different, but visually appealing, ways to present the traditional data. Below, I talk about the details of this project, go through the data and the workspaces involved, and show the resulting models and worlds.

第1步：来自无人机，CAD平面图等的源数据

今天，Amache网站看起来与70年前非常不同 - 旧建筑消失，只有基础仍然存在于地面。网站上没有铁丝网。道路，小树和干草使它感到空虚和安静。有一些恢复的物品 - 一支营房，水塔和卫兵塔。还有一个信息亭。

Jim Casey向我发送了与该网站相关的大量数据，我的目标是使用FME将所有来源带到一起，并在WWII期间将其生成网站。以下是一些源数据集：

OBJ models generated from drone footage. Using Pix4D, which we’ll talk about below, Jim turned a few hours of drone footage of restored constructions into 3D .obj models.

CAD平面图。该图表示建筑物的娱乐，类似但与营房相同。

GIS data. This Geodatabase contained several layers: the barrack and other building footprints, apartment polygons with information about their inhabitants, and an orthophoto.

Historic scan. This is a simple JPEG image with no georeferencing. It contains information about the location of the barbed wire and guard towers.

To enrich the virtual world in a realistic way, I found a few models of old vehicles and other features from the WWII era.

Step 2: Data transformation processes

PIX4Dto generate 3D models

Jim为项目提供了三种模型，他创建了PIX4D，专业摄影测量软件包，用于创建来自无人机视频的正轨，点云和3D模型。我创建了一个简化的营房版本 - 出于性能原因，但也是因为实质上，营房是简单的屋顶。另外两种模型需要比我所拥有的3D建模技能更多，所以我直接使用它们，经过一些网格简化MeshLab.

这是当时在FME外面完成的最大步骤，但从那里我们已经建造了一套custom FME transformersavailable through FME Hub for connecting to Pix4D.

FME工作空间

This is a relatively big project, and putting every part of it into a single workspace wouldn’t make the overall workflow efficient. Instead, I created several workspaces, each solving a small transformation task to allow the data to take the necessary shape gradually.

例如，我想在虚幻发动机中“播种”一些草地。它可以在那里轻松完成，类似于使用Photoshop和其他图像编辑器中的桶工具;但是，我没有代表草地区域的多边形，所以我从ortho图像创建了一些简单的地图代数分析。如上所述，当道路比景观的其他部分更亮。如果我们将所有道路设置为NodatarasterexpressionEvaluator., transform the raster to polygons with the范特利奥戈翁塞纳克然后，然后从多边形中夹出建筑物脚印，我们得到一个种植植被的区域：

创建营房和一个娱乐馆模型需要大量的变形金刚，但这只是几步的步骤，模仿绘图过程 - 创建一条线，挤出它，现在在顶部段中间插入顶点并加注它达到5英尺，现在将多边形偏移120英尺（这是我们创造侧壁的方式），将纹理涂抹在这一侧，向该侧面，到屋顶，等等。

FME Workspace (click to enlarge)

我没有尝试用所有施工细节重新创建建筑物 - 没有2×4或适当的窗框 - 我主要依靠纹理来继承营房的外观。我们的最终数据集包含超过400个建筑物，我们当然希望它们能够为我们记住的所有目的地系统进行轻量调。

Once the models were created, placing them where they belong required a single insertion point for each building and two transformers. TheSharediteMadder.adds a geometry definition to the transformation, and theSharedItemidsetter.replaces points with the geometry instances.

虽然我总是用FME尝试做一切，但需要手动数字化的几个步骤。我使用了Arggis Pro来描绘铁丝网并将警卫塔点放置在历史扫描上，又必须匹配其他数据层。亚疗手可以使用光栅几何形状以及控制向量 - 线连接历史栅格和正确坐标系中的一个层上的相同点。我使用基础角落作为这样的控制点。

For the barbed wire, I needed to make sure that the single flight of the fence is placed logically, so that, for example, the wires wouldn’t hang in the air at the corners, that is, there will be a pole at each turn of the fence. The guard towers had to know their orientation in relation to the fence for a correct placement – a job for theNeighborFinder变压器。

一旦处理所有组件并为最终组装准备，还有一个工作空间产生了输出产品：亚搏在线娱乐平台

根据我们是否编写铯3D瓷砖，AR模型或虚幻的DataSamith文件，最终步骤是不同的 - Cesium是一个投影和属性感知格式，AR文件需要一些逻辑，用于将模型放入现实世界，以及数据文件在虚幻引擎内需要额外的处理。

准备虚幻引擎的数据

虚幻引擎comes with a few templates, which allows creating different kinds of games or real-time environments if we talk about non-gaming scenarios. For this project, a Multi-User Viewer template from UE4.22 was used. It allows exploring the world alone or in a multi-user mode where each participant can connect to the same world and see each other as avatars.

虚幻引擎gives unlimited possibilities for making the worlds look lifelike, but I made only several simple steps, such as setting collisions so that a user cannot go through walls and fences, I “planted” grass and “dropped” pebbles, and finally, added a few 3D SketchUp models of old cars and trucks.

第3步：输出到沉浸环境

虚幻引擎

编辑完成后，我生成了可共享的可执行文件。以下是一些屏幕截图，视频和游戏本身的下载链接：

探索虚幻环境中的Amache - 下载Win64要么Mac

导航是通过传统的WASD键，按“B”切换建筑物的半透明挤压件，尚无型号。“空间”打开和关闭飞行模式。从1到5的钥匙是书签，他们将用户传送到营地周围的不同位置。

铯

Here is the Amache camp in Cesium. This is a lighter version with barracks only, which allows the model to work well on most computers:

通过铯探索您的Web浏览器中的Amache

• See also:[博客]如何将2D数据带入CESIUMJS

FME AR.

最新版本的FME AR.appcan be made aware of the user location, and the model can be placed in the world properly relative to that location. I can’t easily go to Colorado and test it on the spot, so here is a version of the camp on the sports field of Aspenwood Elementary in Port Moody, British Columbia:

Explore Amache

The history of the 20th century is full of difficult and tragic episodes like the Amache concentration camp. Being born and raised in Russia, which went through turbulent years during both world wars and between them, I have a few such stories in my own family. It is our responsibility to preserve the memories of the past, and do our best to ensure that in the next 50 or 70 years the new generations of GIS specialists have only happy memories to depict of our time. This blog focused on the technical side of the project.To learn more about the important work of theAmache Preservation Society并查看这种协作的结果，访问ArcGIS StoryMap“Augmenting Amache“。

Learn more about this collaborative project in “Augmenting Amache”, an ArcGIS StoryMap

从技术角度来看，我们已经了解到现代可视化技术可以鼓舞人心，并对不同领域的专家造成鼓舞人心和影响。我们可以轻松创建复杂的3D模型，并以多种不同的方式分享：如果您站在您的型号所属的地方，您可以使用AR和您想要的景观;使用URL，您可以在Web上与任何人共享您的3D模型，或者在网页中嵌入漂亮的可视化cesiumjs.;最后，这一有前途和迅速的发展领域用于游戏发动机的非游戏应用为您的想象力创建可共享世界的前所未有的权力。

从一个项目来看待未来的社区大厅，向一个数字纪念馆，通过偏远地点的游览，我们亚搏国际在线官网肯定会看到更多的沉浸性世界。

Dmitri Bagh

Dmitri is the scenario creation expert at Safe Software, which means he spends his days playing with FME and testing what amazing things it can do.